Catriona M. Steele, PhD, is a senior scientist and director of the Swallowing Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, KITE – Toronto Rehabilitation Institute – University Health Network; and a professor of speech-language pathology at the Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Financial disclosures for Dr. Steele include: Salary from University Health Network, Toronto; R01 Grant funding from National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Consulting relationship (speaker honoraria and advisory panel) with Nestle Health Science; Consulting relationship (advisor) with Benitec Biopharma; Royalties on webinars from Northern Speech Services and Medbridge; Previous educational grant from Bracco Canada. and honorarium received for participating in this monograph. Non-financial disclosures include: Board Member, International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative; Councilor, Dysphagia Research Society; Associate Editor, Dysphagia journal. Editorial board member, Journal of Texture Studies; Consulting relationship (speaker honoraria and advisory panel) with Nestle Health Science; Consulting relationship (advisor) with Benitec Biopharma. Royalties on webinars from Northern Speech Services and Medbridge; Previous educational grant from Bracco Canada.

Bonnie Martin-Harris, PhD, is the Alice Gabrielle Twight Professor and Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs, Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders School of Communication; Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Radiation Oncology, at the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.

: Financial disclosures for Dr. Martin-Harris include: Principal Investigator, NIH/NIDCD K23DC005764, Standardized assessment of swallowing impairment, 2003-2010; Principal Investigator, NIH/NIDCD 2K24DC012801-0, Data Science Applications in Communication and Swallowing Disorders, 2013-2024; Clinical Impact of Respiratory-Swallow Training on Refractory Dysphagia in OP HNC, VA Merit Review Award 5101RX002352 2018-2022; Machine Vision Fellowship, Bracco Diagnostics 2020-2021; MBSImP royalty recipient from the Medical University of South Carolina; Honorarium received from participation in this monograph. Non-financial disclosure includes owner and license guarantor to Northern Speech Services (NSS).

Memorie Gosa, PhD, is an Associate Professor of communicative disorders at The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.

Financial disclosures for Dr. Gosa include: Salary from The University of Alabama, Druid City Hospital, and Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital; honorarium received for participation in this monograph. Non-financial disclosures include: Board Member, Council on Academic Accreditation, American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.

Stephanie Edwards Allen, BSRT, MBA, is Continual Read- iness Coordinator at Monarch, Creedmoor, NC, USA.

Financial disclosure for Ms. Allen includes: Honorarium for her participation in this monograph. She has no non-financial relationships to disclose.

Ahmad Tahawi, DO